Brownfield vs. greenfield

A distinction between deploying automation into an existing facility with established equipment, layouts, and workflows (brownfield) and designing automation into a new facility from the start (greenfield). Brownfield projects must work around legacy constraints such as floor space, existing conveyors, IT systems, and production that cannot stop, which raises integration effort and favors flexible equipment. Greenfield projects allow the building, material flow, and automation to be designed together, but carry the risks of any new-facility program.